Revelations from studies of low mass galaxies: dark matter and galaxy formation on small

The number densities, structures, and internal dynamics of low-mass galaxies provide some of the most interesting clues to the nature of dark matter and the theory of galaxy formation on small scales. Up until recently, our understanding of low-mass galaxies has largely been informed by observations of dwarf galaxies that orbit our Milky Way galaxy. I will present novel observational efforts that now enable the discovery of such low surface brightness galaxies beyond our local galactic neighborhood. I will discuss some of the follow-up observations of these extragalactic low-mass galaxies, focusing on their dark matter content and intriguing globular cluster populations, revealing significant diversity and new astrophysical puzzles. I will conclude by discussing ongoing surveys that will be essential in mapping the census and properties of the general population of low-mass galaxies.