Electron Focusing and Interactions in One Dimension

We have previously demonstrated that as the 1D confinement potential is weakened the electron wavefunctions relax in the second dimension and can form a two-row system, we now show that a zig-zag formation can be observed in electron focusing experiments. In a similar way we have investigated the dynamics of a strongly confined 1D electron gas and will show that a spin separation occurs. We present direct evidence that this spontaneous spin polarization is responsible for the 0.7 anomaly and can rule out other explanations.